Implementation of PP No. 71/2019 on Electronic Transactions and Digital Human Rights in Indonesia

Abstrak

The rapid development of electronic systems and digital transactions has created significant opportunities for economic growth, public service innovation, and social interaction in Indonesia. At the same time, it has generated complex legal issues concerning privacy, personal data protection, freedom of expression, cybersecurity, access to information, and legal remedies. This study analyzes the implementation of Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions from the perspective of digital human rights. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and human-rights approaches. Primary legal materials include the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and its amendments, Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019, Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, and relevant international human rights instruments. The findings indicate that Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 provides an important normative foundation for electronic-system reliability, information security, personal data governance, electronic transactions, governmental supervision, and the accountability of electronic system operators. These provisions contribute to the protection of privacy, digital security, access to information, and legal certainty. However, several normative challenges remain, including overlapping regulations, broad administrative authority, limited procedural safeguards, fragmented supervision, unequal compliance among electronic system operators, and insufficiently accessible remedies for individuals whose digital rights have been violated. The study concludes that the implementation of Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 must be strengthened through regulatory harmonization, proportional enforcement, independent oversight, corporate accountability, transparent decision-making, and effective legal remedies. A human-rights-based approach is necessary to ensure that Indonesia’s digital governance supports technological innovation without disproportionately restricting constitutional freedoms.