Evaluasi Redesain Meja-Kursi Belajar Berbasis Antropometri Menggunakan Metode Quality Function Deployment pada Siswa Kelas 4 SDN Sidoarjo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v5i08.3722Kata Kunci:
Antropometri, Ergonomi, Meja-Kursi Belajar, Quality Function Deployment, SDN SidoarjoAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kesesuaian dimensi meja-kursi belajar eksisting dengan antropometri siswa kelas 4 SDN Sidoarjo serta merumuskan redesain yang lebih ergonomis menggunakan pendekatan Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan total sampling terhadap 60 siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran antropometri, observasi dimensi meja-kursi, kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM), dan wawancara kebutuhan pengguna. Analisis dilakukan melalui uji keseragaman dan kecukupan data, perhitungan persentil, analisis ketidaksesuaian dimensi, serta penyusunan House of Quality. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meja-kursi eksisting belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan ukuran tubuh siswa. Sebanyak 38 siswa (63,3%) berada pada kategori keluhan NBM sedang, 15 siswa (25%) kategori rendah, dan 7 siswa (11,7%) kategori tinggi. Dimensi yang paling bermasalah adalah kedalaman dudukan, tinggi kursi, lebar dudukan, dan tinggi meja. Redesain yang diusulkan berupa meja-kursi adjustable dengan tinggi kursi 30-45 cm, kedalaman dudukan 23 cm, lebar dudukan 46 cm, tinggi meja 58-82 cm, ruang bebas paha minimal 16 cm, dan mekanisme locking pin lima level. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada integrasi antropometri, NBM, dan QFD untuk menghasilkan spesifikasi teknis furnitur belajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa sekolah dasar.
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