Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan terhadap Pengungkapan Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG): Peran Moderasi Kualitas Audit dan Frekuensi Rapat Komite Audit Pada Perusahaan Energi di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v5i03.3286Kata Kunci:
Pengungkapan ESG, Kepemilikan Institusional, Kualitas Audit, Frekuensi Rapat Komite Audit, Tata KelolaAbstrak
Sektor energi di Indonesia memiliki tingkat eksposur lingkungan dan sosial yang tinggi sehingga menuntut transparansi dan akuntabilitas yang lebih kuat. Dalam konteks tersebut, pengungkapan environmental, social, and governance (ESG) menjadi instrumen penting dalam penyediaan informasi non-keuangan serta mencerminkan peran mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan. Praktik pengungkapan ESG di Indonesia masih menunjukkan variasi yang cukup besar meskipun telah didukung oleh kerangka regulasi keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemilikan institusional terhadap pengungkapan ESG serta menguji peran moderasi kualitas audit dan frekuensi rapat komite audit. Pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatori digunakan dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari 55 perusahaan sektor energi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2021-2024, yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan Random Effect Model (REM) dan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh positif terhadap pengungkapan ESG. Kualitas audit terbukti memoderasi hubungan tersebut dengan arah melemahkan, sementara frekuensi rapat komite audit tidak berperan sebagai variabel moderasi. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengujian peran frekuensi rapat komite audit sebagai mekanisme tata kelola internal dalam hubungan antara kepemilikan institusional dan pengungkapan ESG pada sektor energi di Indonesia. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi teoritis bagi pengembangan teori agensi dalam konteks ESG serta implikasi praktis bagi perusahaan, investor, dan regulator dalam memperkuat mekanisme tata kelola guna meningkatkan pengungkapan ESG.
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