Pengaruh Program Kebiasaan Hidup Sehat (Gizi Kesehatan) di PAUD terhadap Indikator Kesehatan Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v2i01.2993Kata Kunci:
Program Gaya Hidup Sehat, PAUD, Indikator Kesehatan Anak, Indeks Massa Tubuh (BMI), Pendidikan Gizi, Aktivitas Fisik, Pencegahan Obesitas, Intervensi Dini pada Anak Usia Dini, Program Berorientasi Keluarga, Kesehatan KardiovaskularAbstrak
Pelaksanaan Program Gaya Hidup Sehat di lingkungan pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) telah menunjukkan dampak positif pada berbagai indikator kesehatan anak. Studi menunjukkan bahwa program-program semacam ini, yang sering berfokus pada keluarga dan menggabungkan pendidikan gizi serta aktivitas fisik, dapat menyebabkan perbaikan signifikan pada indeks massa tubuh (BMI), lingkar pinggang, kebiasaan makan, dan tingkat aktivitas fisik pada anak-anak usia dini 569. Misalnya, intervensi gaya hidup sehat berbasis web selama 10 minggu untuk anak sekolah dengan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas menghasilkan penurunan skor z BMI dan peningkatan kualitas hidup, menyoroti potensi program yang mudah diakses dan didukung teknologi 12. Selain itu, program modifikasi gaya hidup multidisiplin telah menunjukkan penurunan berkelanjutan dalam BMI dan penanda adipositas selama berbulan-bulan, menekankan pentingnya keterlibatan jangka panjang 3. Intervensi berbasis sekolah juga berkontribusi pada perbaikan perilaku kesehatan kardiovaskular, terutama saat menargetkan kelompok usia lebih muda, menunjukkan jendela kritis untuk membentuk kebiasaan sehat 8. Namun, beberapa intervensi sekolah berskala besar melaporkan efek terbatas dalam mencegah obesitas, menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan yang lebih intensif atau komprehensif yang melibatkan keluarga dan komunitas mungkin diperlukan 47. Secara keseluruhan, program gaya hidup sehat di lingkungan PAUD efektif dalam mempromosikan hasil kesehatan yang lebih baik, tetapi keberhasilannya bergantung pada desain program, durasi, adaptasi budaya, dan integrasi keterlibatan keluarga.
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