Spatial analysis of built-up land development in 1995 and 2025 based on slope level in Ternate City, Indonesia

Penulis

  • Ahmat Rifai University of Indonesia
  • Heinrich Rakuasa National Research Tomsk State University
  • Philia C Latue Pattimura University
  • Halim Pattimura University
  • La Mbeli Rajani Pattimura University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v3i02.2308

Kata Kunci:

built-up land, spatial analysis, slope, ternate

Abstrak

Ternate City in North Maluku, Indonesia, is experiencing rapid population growth and residential land development, with diverse topography and slopes that affect the expansion of built-up land. This study analyzed the development of built-up land in 1995 and 2025 based on slope levels using Landsat imagery and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. The results showed that built-up land expanded rapidly in the 8-25% slope zone (an increase of 96.8-372%) and the >25% zone (+206.5%), indicating that development pressure pushed urbanization into topographically difficult areas. Greenland conversion (903.78 ha less) also affected the environmental balance, while water bodies remained stable (67.58 ha). The dominance of steep slopes >40% (3,013.36 ha) is a major challenge for sustainable development. These findings emphasize the need for a spatial approach based on integrated geomorphological analysis, particularly landslide risk mitigation in steep slope zones, while meeting settlement needs

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Unduhan

Dimensions

Diterbitkan

2025-06-30

Terbitan

Vol 3 No 02 (2025): Jurnal Geosains West Science

Bagian

Artikel

Lisensi

Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ahmat Rifai, Heinrich Rakuasa, Philia C Latue, Halim, La Mbeli Rajani

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Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Cara Mengutip

Spatial analysis of built-up land development in 1995 and 2025 based on slope level in Ternate City, Indonesia. (2025). Jurnal Geosains West Science, 3(02), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v3i02.2308